If one has given their Zakah in advance for forthcoming years and on the anniversary realises this amount was above his actual Zakah total, can one consider this surplus amount to be a Zakah payment for subsequent years?

Q: If one has given their Zakah in advance for forthcoming years and on the anniversary realises this amount was above his actual Zakah total, can one consider this surplus amount to be a Zakah payment for subsequent years?

 

الجواب حامدا ومصليا ومنه الصدق والصواب

A: If a person has donated their Zakah in advance either for the current year or the forthcoming year(s) and on the Zakah anniversary one realises that one has donated more than what the Zakah calculates to be then the extra Zakah paid can be considered to be for subsequent years provided the Zakatable asset for which the Zakah is to be considered is of the same genus as that for which the Zakah has been paid.  If it is of a different genus then it cannot be considered for future years.  Gold and silver [and modern] currency and trade stock are considered to be of the same genus whilst goats and camels are separate genera.

 

ففى رد المحتار:  وفى الولوالجية : لو كان عنده أربعمائة درهم فأدى زكاة خمسمائة ظانا أنها كذلك كان له أن يحسب الزيادة للسنة الثانية لأنه أمكن أن يعجل الزيادة تعجيلا.  اهـ .وقيد فى البحر بكون الجنس متحدا قال: لأنه لو كان له خمس من الإبل وأربعون من الغنم فعجل شاة عن أحد الصنفين ثم هلك لا يكون عن الآخر.  ولو كان له عين ودين فعجل عن العين فهلكت قبل الحول جاز عن الدين ، ولو بعده فلا ، والدراهم والدنانير وعروض التجارة جنس واحد.  (كتاب الزكاة ، باب زكاة الغنم ، 2/293)

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